The bacterial diversity and community composition altered in the oxygen minimum zone of the Tropical Western Pacific Ocean -- Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2021,39(5):1690-1704

	Cite this paper:
	Qiqi SUN, Jinming SONG, Xuegang LI, Huamao YUAN, Qidong WANG. The bacterial diversity and community composition altered in the oxygen minimum zone of the Tropical Western Pacific Ocean[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2021, 39(5): 1690-1704

The bacterial diversity and community composition altered in the oxygen minimum zone of the Tropical Western Pacific Ocean

Qiqi SUN^1,2,3, Jinming SONG^2,3,4,5, Xuegang LI^2,3,4,5, Huamao YUAN^2,3,4,5, Qidong WANG^2,3,4,5

1 Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao 266100, China;
2 Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;
3 Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China;
4 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
5 Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China

Abstract:

The oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) are globally expanding, yet the variation pattern of microbial communities related to dissolved oxygen levels remain unclear. Spatial variability of bacterial diversity and community composition (represented by 16S rRNA) of six stations was investigated within the water column in the seamount area of Tropical Western Pacific Ocean (TWPO) in May 2019. The seawater has dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration of 3.01-6.68 mg/L and the core of the oxygen minimum zones was located between the depths of 650 m and 1 750 m. The bacterial alpha-diversity showed unimodal pattern with the decreasing DO with depths and peaked in the upper oxycline (UO) of OMZs. The bacterial community structure of the mixed layer (ML) and the bottom layer clustered and separated from each other, while those of UO and the OMZ core (OM) clustered and overlapped. Overall, bacterial community composition transitioned from being Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria-dominant in ML to being Gammaproteobacteria and Nitrososphaeria/Deltaproteobacteria-dominant in UO and OM, and then changed to being Clostridia and unidentified_Actinobacteria-dominant in the bottom layer. Moreover, both bacterial alpha-diversity and the abundant classes fitted varying sectioned functions with DO. The DO solely explained 40.37% of the variation of bacterial community composition among layers (P<0.001). The predicted function profiling showed that the water column was predominant by chemoheterotrophy, cyanobacteria, and photoautotrophy in ML, by chemoheterotrophy and nitrate/sulfide cycling in UO and OM, and by chemoheterotrophy and fermentation in the bottom layer. Our findings revealed the DO-associated variation in bacterial diversity and community composition, and help to clarify the potential responses of microbes and their involved biogeochemical processes to the expansion and intensification of OMZs.

Key words: bacterial diversity|community composition|oxygen minimum zones (OMZs)|dissolved oxygen|Tropical Western Pacific Ocean (TWPO)

Received: 2020-10-12 Revised: 2020-12-21

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